Electrical Cables in Saudi Arabia: Complete Guide to Types, Sizes & Selection

Electrical Cables in Saudi Arabia: Complete Guide to Types, Sizes & Selection

Choosing the correct electrical cable is one of the most important decisions in any electrical installation. The wrong cable can cause overheating, voltage drop, equipment failure, or in the worst case, fire. This guide covers everything you need to know about electrical cables used in Saudi Arabia — from basic types and sizes to selecting the right cable for your specific application.

Quick Answer

Electrical cables are classified by conductor material (copper or aluminium), insulation type (PVC, XLPE, LSHF), number of cores, and cross-sectional area in mm2. For most residential and commercial installations in Saudi Arabia, copper conductor, PVC or XLPE insulated cables conforming to IEC 60228 are the standard choice.

Types of Electrical Cables Available in Saudi Arabia

1. Single-Core PVC Cables

Single-core PVC cables consist of one conductor with PVC insulation. They are widely used for wiring inside conduits and distribution boards. Common sizes range from 1.5mm2 to 400mm2. They are colour-coded: Brown/Red for live, Blue/Black for neutral, and Green/Yellow for earth.

2. Multicore PVC Cables

Multicore cables combine two or more insulated conductors within a single outer sheath. Types include twin-core, three-core, and four-core cables. Used for power distribution, wiring outlets, and appliance connections.

3. Armoured Cables (SWA / AWA)

Steel Wire Armoured (SWA) and Aluminium Wire Armoured (AWA) cables are designed for direct burial underground, industrial environments, and external runs where mechanical protection is required. SWA cables are heavily used in Saudi Arabia for industrial facilities, outdoor distribution, and utility supply runs.

4. XLPE Insulated Cables

Cross-Linked Polyethylene (XLPE) insulated cables operate at higher temperatures (up to 90 degrees C), have better electrical properties, and are more resistant to moisture. XLPE is the insulation of choice for power cables in industrial, oil and gas, and utility applications across Saudi Arabia.

5. Control Cables

Control cables are multi-core cables designed for instrumentation and control circuits. They typically have smaller conductors (0.5mm2 to 2.5mm2) and may include a screen to prevent electromagnetic interference. Used extensively in industrial panels, HVAC controls, and automation systems.

6. Low-Smoke Halogen-Free (LSHF) Cables

LSHF cables produce minimal toxic smoke when exposed to fire. They are mandatory in enclosed public spaces, hospitals, schools, shopping malls, and transport hubs. Increasingly specified in Saudi Arabia's large public infrastructure and commercial projects.

7. Flexible Cables and Cords

Flexible cables use stranded conductors that can withstand repeated bending and movement. Used for equipment connections, extension cords, and portable tools. Common designations include H05VV-F and H07RN-F for tough rubber-sheathed applications.

Cable Sizing Guide: Choosing the Right Cross-Section

• 1.5mm2: Lighting circuits. Max current approx. 15-16A.

• 2.5mm2: General power sockets. Max current approx. 20-25A.

• 4mm2: Cookers, HVAC units. Max current approx. 30-32A.

• 6mm2: Electric showers, high-load circuits. Max current approx. 38-40A.

• 10mm2: Sub-mains, EV chargers, large HVAC units. Max current approx. 50-54A.

• 16mm2 and above: Main supply cables, distribution feeder cables, industrial machinery.

Copper vs Aluminium Cables

• Copper: Higher conductivity, more flexible. Preferred for all residential, commercial, and most industrial applications.

• Aluminium: Lower conductivity, lighter and lower cost. Used for large underground feeders and utility distribution.

Recommendation: For most residential and commercial installations in Saudi Arabia, use copper conductor cables. Avoid copper-clad aluminium (CCA) wires — they are not SASO-compliant and pose a safety risk.

Top Cable Brands in Saudi Arabia

• Bahra Cables: Saudi-based manufacturer producing power, control, and instrumentation cables.

• Al Fanar: Major Saudi cable and electrical equipment manufacturer with SEC-approved products.

• Future Cable Factory: Saudi manufacturer offering residential, commercial, and industrial cables.

• Prysmian: Global cable manufacturer widely distributed in the GCC.

• Nexans: Global manufacturer known for high-performance industrial and energy cables.

Common Cable Buying Mistakes to Avoid

• Undersizing the cable: Always size based on maximum expected load, not the average.

• Using CCA wires: Not SASO-compliant and a potential fire hazard.

• Ignoring voltage drop on long runs: For runs over 20 metres, calculate voltage drop and upsize if necessary.

• Not matching cable to environment: Use SWA armoured for underground, LSHF for public buildings.

• Ordering insufficient length: Always measure accurately and add 10% contingency.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the standard electrical cable used in Saudi homes?

Most Saudi residential wiring uses 1.5mm2 for lighting and 2.5mm2 for power sockets — copper conductor, PVC insulated, conforming to IEC 60228 standards.

Can I bury PVC cables directly underground in Saudi Arabia?

No. For underground installations, use SWA armoured cables or run single-core cables through conduit. This protects against mechanical damage, rodents, and soil moisture.

How do I calculate how much cable I need?

Measure the full route from source to destination. Add 10-15% for waste, bends, and terminations. For cables sold in drums, order the next full drum size up rather than a partial length.

Conclusion

Selecting the right electrical cable requires understanding the application, load requirements, installation environment, and applicable standards. Whether you are wiring a home, a commercial building, or an industrial facility in Saudi Arabia, this guide provides the foundation to make the right choice.

Benna.com.sa stocks a comprehensive range of electrical cables from leading Saudi and international brands, available for delivery across the Kingdom. Browse our cable range or request a quotation today.